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Colossal Cave Adventure (also known as ADVENT, Colossal Cave, or Adventure) was the first computer adventure game. It was originally designed by Will Crowther, a programmer and caving enthusiast who based the layout on part of the Mammoth Cave system in Kentucky. The Colossal Cave subnetwork has many entrances, [...]
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Hedy Lamarr (pronounced /ˈhɛdi/; November 9, 1913 – January 19, 2000) was an Austrian-American actress. Though known primarily for her film career as a major contract star of MGM’s “Golden Age”, Lamarr was also a scientist, inventor and mathematician who co-invented an early technique for spread spectrum communications, a key to many [...]
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Augusta Ada King, Countess of Lovelace (10 December 1815 – 27 November 1852), born Augusta Ada Byron, was an English writer chiefly known for her work on Charles Babbage’s early mechanical general-purpose computer, the analytical engine. She is sometimes portrayed as the “World’s First Computer Programmer”.
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Morton Heilig (December 22, 1926 – May 14, 1997) was a thought-leader in Virtual Reality (VR). He applied his cinematographer experience and with the help of his partner developed the Sensorama over several years from 1957, patenting it in 1962. It was big, bulky, and shaped like a 1980-ish arcade [...]
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Multi-User Dungeon , or MUD (referred to as MUD1, to distinguish it from its successor, MUD2, and the MUD genre in general) is the first MUD and the oldest virtual world in existence. It was created in 1978 by Roy Trubshaw at Essex University on a DEC PDP-10 in the UK, using [...]
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The Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET) , was the world’s first operational packet switching network and the core network of a set that came to compose the global Internet. The network was created by a small research team at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) [...]
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The Xerox Star workstation, officially known as the Xerox 8010 Information System, was introduced by Xerox Corporation in 1981. It was the first commercial system to incorporate various technologies that today have become commonplace in personal computers, including a bitmapped display, a window-based graphical user interface, icons, folders, mouse, Ethernet networking, [...]
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ENIAC (pronounced /ˈɛni.æk/), short for Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer, was the first general-purpose electronic computer. It was a Turing-complete digital computer capable of being reprogrammed to solve a full range of computing problems. When ENIAC was announced in 1946 it was heralded in the press as a “Giant [...]
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Charles Babbage , (26 December 1791 – 18 October 1871) was an English mathematician, philosopher, inventor, and mechanical engineer who originated the concept of a programmable computer. Considered a “father of the computer”, Babbage is credited with inventing the first mechanical computer that eventually led to more complex [...]
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Alan Mathison Turing (23 June 1912 – 7 June 1954), was an English mathematician, logician, cryptanalyst and computer scientist. He was highly influential in the development of computer science, providing a formalization of the concepts of “algorithm” and “computation” with the Turing machine, which played a significant role in the creation of the [...]
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A pantograph (from Greek roots παντ- ‘all, every’ and γραφ- ‘to write’, from their original use for copying writing) is a mechanical linkage connected in a special manner based on parallelograms so that the movement of one specified point accurately mimicks the movement of another point. If a line drawing is traced by [...]
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Senet is a board game from predynastic and ancient Egypt. The oldest hieroglyph representing a Senet game dates to around 3100 BC. The full name of the game in Egyptian means the “game of passing.”
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The Curta is a small, hand-cranked mechanical calculator introduced in 1948. It has an extremely compact design: a small cylinder that fits in the palm of the hand. It can be used to perform addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and —with more difficulty— square roots and other operations. The Curta’s design [...]
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Herbert Marshall McLuhan , (July 21, 1911 – December 31, 1980) was a Canadian educator, philosopher, and scholar—a professor of English literature, a literary critic, a rhetorician, and a communication theorist. McLuhan’s work is viewed as one of the cornerstones of the study of media theory, as well as having practical applications in [...]
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Vannevar Bush (March 11, 1890 – June 28, 1974; pronounced /væˈniːvɑr/ van-NEE-var) was an American engineer and science administrator known for his work on analog computing, his political role in the development of the atomic bomb as a primary organizer of the Manhattan Project, the founding of Raytheon, [...]